Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

Overview

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a group of chronic inflammatory conditions affecting the digestive tract. The two main types are Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, both characterized by periods of flare-ups and remission.

Causes

• Genetic predisposition
• Dysregulation of the immune system
• Environmental factors

Symptoms

• Abdominal pain and cramping
• Diarrhea (often bloody)
• Fatigue and weight loss
• Fever and nausea

Diagnosis

• • Colonoscopy: To visualize the colon and take tissue samples (biopsy)
• • Blood Tests: To check for anemia and inflammation markers
• • Stool Tests: To rule out infections and assess inflammation

Treatment

• • Medications: Anti-inflammatory drugs, immunosuppressants, biologics
• • Dietary Modifications: Low-residue diet during flare-ups, nutritional supplements
• • Surgery: In severe cases or complications like bowel strictures or abscesses